Severe Solar Storm Hits Earth, Causing Visible Auroras and Potential Hazards

A severe G4-scale geomagnetic storm struck Earth on Monday, announced the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Originating from a series of powerful coronal mass ejections (CMEs), this intense solar disturbance has brought the Northern Lights into view farther south than usual, gracing skies from Alabama to northern California, as well as closer northern states like Michigan and Minnesota. Starting at 1500 GMT, this level-four geomagnetic storm (on a scale of five) is anticipated to persist for hours without further intensifying. This is reported by SSP.

Geomagnetic storms such as this are fueled by CMEs, which are high-speed solar plasma eruptions that collide with Earth’s magnetic field. These collisions excite atmospheric molecules, causing auroras. Astrophysicist Eric Lagadec from France's Cote d'Azur Observatory noted the abundance of auroras, and NASA astronaut Matthew Dominick shared a spectacular image of the aurora borealis from the International Space Station.

However, these storms also present risks. NOAA has warned that G4-class storms might degrade high-frequency communications, increase satellite drag, and overload power grids, though advanced monitoring allows for mitigation of some impacts. Instructions have been given to minimize disruption in vulnerable infrastructure.

Previously, in May, Earth experienced its most powerful geomagnetic storms in two decades, rivalling the extreme G5-class storm that affected satellite operations and power grids, making auroras visible as far south as Florida. Both severe storms signal that solar activity is nearing its 11-year peak cycle, initially expected by 2025, though some signs suggest an early onset.

Current solar activity is thriving, with at least five CMEs arriving on Earth since August 10. Thus, increased sightings of the aurora have been reported even in southern states like Texas and Arizona. Although this Monday’s storm has weakened, a moderate G2-class storm may continue till Wednesday, providing additional chances to witness the remarkable Northern Lights.

NOAA encourages those wishing to view these auroras to move away from urban light pollution for optimal visibility, ensuring a clear and captivating experience of Earth’s vibrant geomagnetic reaction to solar kinetic energy.